Colonoscopy is used by Gastroenterologists to examine the colon (large intestine) in an outpatient setting. Before the procedure, patients need to take some medication to clear their large intestine. Once the large intestine is cleared of faeces, an endoscope is inserted into the patient’s anus and the endoscope is passed all the way until the end of the large intestine. Colonoscopy is used to search for inflammation, ulcers and polyps of the large intestine. Biopsies can be taken from abnormal sites, and polyps can be removed during the same session via polypectomy.